An appraisal of adult literacy programs in increasing gender inclusivity in decision-making processes in Wukari Local Government Area, Taraba State
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Background of the Study
Gender inclusivity in decision-making is a vital component of social justice and sustainable development, yet women in many parts of Nigeria continue to face significant barriers to participation. In Wukari Local Government Area, Taraba State, adult literacy programs have been increasingly tailored to empower women by incorporating gender sensitivity and leadership modules. These programs aim to provide women with the skills needed not only for basic literacy but also for active participation in decision-making processes at both community and organizational levels (Morgan, 2023). The integration of gender inclusivity into literacy curricula is driven by the recognition that educational empowerment is closely linked to the ability to engage in governance and advocacy. Such initiatives emphasize critical thinking, public discourse, and leadership, thereby enabling women to articulate their interests and contribute to policy formulation (Stevens, 2024). Furthermore, the socio-cultural landscape in Wukari has historically limited women's roles in public decision-making. By addressing these challenges through targeted literacy programs, there is an opportunity to transform traditional gender roles and promote a more equitable distribution of power. Recent educational reforms have focused on creating inclusive learning environments that challenge patriarchal norms and foster a culture of equal participation. Digital literacy components have also been introduced, enabling women to access and analyze information that supports informed decision-making (Morgan, 2023; Carter, 2025). Despite these progressive steps, challenges remain in ensuring that the programs are sufficiently responsive to the specific needs of women and that they effectively overcome entrenched socio-cultural biases. This study seeks to critically appraise the extent to which adult literacy programs in Wukari have succeeded in increasing gender inclusivity in decision-making processes, and to identify the key factors that can further enhance women’s participation in governance.
Statement of the Problem
Women in Wukari Local Government Area continue to face obstacles in participating effectively in decision-making processes despite interventions through adult literacy programs. Although these programs are designed to empower women and promote gender inclusivity, many participants still encounter challenges stemming from deep-rooted cultural norms, limited access to quality educational resources, and inadequate support systems (Morgan, 2023). The curriculum, while innovative, sometimes fails to fully address the complexities of gender-based discrimination and the socio-political barriers that hinder women's leadership roles. Additionally, the lack of mentorship and practical engagement opportunities further limits the translation of literacy skills into active decision-making. These gaps suggest that the current educational interventions may not be sufficient to bring about the desired level of empowerment. Moreover, the impact of these programs on actual participation in community governance and organizational decision-making remains under-researched. The disconnect between program objectives and measurable outcomes is a significant concern, as it points to the need for a more robust and contextually relevant curriculum. This study aims to explore the factors contributing to these challenges and to determine the extent to which adult literacy programs can facilitate greater gender inclusivity in decision-making. The research will focus on evaluating program content, delivery methods, and participant experiences to identify the strengths and limitations of current initiatives. Addressing these issues is crucial for ensuring that women are not only literate but also empowered to take on leadership roles in their communities (Stevens, 2024; Carter, 2025).
Objectives of the Study
• To assess the impact of adult literacy programs on enhancing gender inclusivity in decision-making.
• To identify the challenges that hinder women’s participation in decision-making processes.
• To recommend strategies for improving the effectiveness of literacy programs in empowering women.
Research Questions
• How do adult literacy programs influence women’s participation in decision-making in Wukari?
• What are the main barriers that prevent women from engaging in decision-making processes?
• What curricular enhancements can further promote gender inclusivity in these programs?
Research Hypotheses
• Participation in adult literacy programs significantly increases women’s involvement in decision-making.
• Improved literacy and leadership training lead to higher levels of gender inclusivity in governance.
• Enhanced curriculum design tailored to gender issues will improve women’s participation in decision-making.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it investigates the role of adult literacy programs in advancing gender inclusivity in decision-making processes in Wukari. By evaluating the effectiveness of these programs and identifying key obstacles, the research provides actionable recommendations for curriculum and policy improvements. Empowering women through education is expected to lead to more balanced and democratic decision-making, thereby contributing to sustainable community development (Morgan, 2023).
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study is limited to the appraisal of adult literacy programs aimed at increasing gender inclusivity in decision-making processes in Wukari Local Government Area, Taraba State. It does not extend to other regions or broader gender studies.
Definitions of Terms
• Adult Literacy Programs: Initiatives aimed at improving fundamental literacy and practical skills among adults.
• Gender Inclusivity: The equitable involvement of both men and women in decision-making processes.
• Decision-Making Processes: Formal and informal systems through which community or organizational choices are made.
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